《植物生理学报》 2017, 53(10): 1867-1876

S₃₃₀₇和DTA-6对大豆不同冠层叶片光合特性及产量的影响

宫香伟^*, 刘春娟^*, 冯乃杰^**, 郑殿峰, 王畅

黑龙江八一农垦大学农学院, 黑龙江大庆163319

通信作者：宫香伟；E-mail: dqfnj@126.com

摘　要：

本文以大豆‘合丰50’和‘垦丰16’为材料, 喷施清水为对照(CK), 在始花期(R1期)研究了叶面喷施烯效唑(S₃₃₀₇)和胺鲜酯(DTA-6)对大豆不同冠层叶片叶绿素含量、净光合速率(P_n)、蒸腾速率(T_r)、气孔导度(G_s)及产量的影响。结果表明: 与CK相比, S₃₃₀₇和DTA-6处理增加两品种大豆不同冠层的叶片叶绿素含量和净光合速率; S₃₃₀₇和DTA-6处理主要增加鼓粒后期不同冠层的叶片蒸腾速率和气孔导度。在产量方面, S₃₃₀₇和DTA-6处理显著增加了两品种大豆的单株荚数、单株粒数和百粒重; S₃₃₀₇处理主要增加了上、下层产量贡献率, 而DTA-6处理增加了上层产量贡献率。S₃₃₀₇和DTA-6处理的2014年两品种产量比对照分别增加了1.39%、0.97%和12.59%、12.96%; 2015年的产量比对照增加了15.44%、22.83%和30.63%、41.56%。综合分析表明, S₃₃₀₇和DTA-6通过改善大豆不同冠层叶片的光合特性, 延缓了叶片衰老, 进而提高了大豆产量。

关键词：烯效唑; 胺鲜酯; 大豆; 冠层; 光合特性; 产量

收稿：2017-03-21   修定：2017-09-13

资助：国家自然科学基金项目(31171503、31271652)、黑龙江省杰出青年基金项目(JC201309)和黑龙江农垦总局科技攻关项目(HNK12A-06-03、HNK12A-09-02)。

Effects of plant growth regulators S₃₃₀₇ and DTA-6 on photosynthetic characteristics and yield in soybean canopy

GONG Xiang-Wei^*, LIU Chun-Juan^*, FENG Nai-Jie^**, ZHENG Dian-Feng, WANG Chang

Agronomy of College, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Heilongjiang 163319, China

Corresponding author: GONG Xiang-Wei; E-mail: dqfnj@126.com

Abstract:

This study was conducted with soybean (Glycine max) ‘Hefeng50’ and ‘Kefeng16’ to investigate the effect of plant growth regulators on photosynthetic characteristics, net photosynthesis, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and yield in soybean canopy. Two chemical regulators, 2-N,N-diethylamino ethyl caproate (DTA-6) and uniconazole (S₃₃₀₇) were tested with water as the control to spraying. The results showed that the chlorophyll content and the photosynthesis ratio in leaves of different canopy were improved by S₃₃₀₇ and DTA-6. The transpiration rate and stomata conductance in leaves of different canopy were increased by S₃₃₀₇ and DTA-6 during the late of seed filling. In terms of yield, S₃₃₀₇ and DTA-6 increased significantly pods number per plant, seeds per plant, and 100-seed weight. S₃₃₀₇ treatment increased contribution to yields ratio of upper and lower canopy, and DTA-6 treatment increased contribution to yields ratio of upper canopy. Compared with the control, the yield of S₃₃₀₇ and DTA-6 treatments in 2014 increased by 1.39%, 0.97%, 12.59% and 12.96%; the yield of S₃₃₀₇ and DTA-6 treatments in 2015 increased by 15.44%, 22.83% and 30.63%, and 41.56%. S₃₃₀₇ and DTA-6 could significantly enhance photosynthetic characteristics of different canopy and delay the senescence of soybean leaves. Thereby, it was effective to increase seed yield.

Key words: S₃₃₀₇; DTA-6; soybean; canopy; photosynthetic characteristics; yield